Social Provincial Exam - 3766 Words

Social Studies 11 Examination Booklet 2008/09 Release Exam DO NOT OPEN ANY EXAMINATION MATERIALS UNTIL INSTRUCTED TO DO SO. FOR FURTHER INSTRUCTIONS REFER TO THE RESPONSE BOOKLET. Contents: 21 pages 55 selected-response questions 2 written-response questions Examination: 2 hours Additional Time Permitted: 60 minutes  © Province of British Columbia PART A: SELECTED RESPONSE Value: 70% Suggested Time: 50 minutes INSTRUCTIONS: For each question, select the best answer and record your choice on the Response Booklet provided. Using an HB pencil, completely fill in the bubble that has the letter corresponding to your answer. You have Examination Booklet Form A. In the box above #1 on your Response Booklet, fill in the†¦show more content†¦A. B. C. D. Workers wanted better wages. Veterans demanded war pensions. Women were seeking better employment opportunities. Unemployed men were protesting work camp conditions. 18. Which of the following was an outcome of many residential school programs? A. B. C. D. They prepared youths for university. They contributed to the banning of the Potlatch. They increased understanding of Aboriginal culture. They alienated Aboriginal children from their families. 19. What allowed Canadians to invest in the stock market during the 1920s? A. B. C. D. inflation laissez-faire protectionism buying on margin Page 6 Social Studies 11 – 2008/09 Release Exam 20. Which of the following events is associated with the Persons Case? A. B. C. D. the arrest of the Famous Five the appointment of a female Senator the election of a woman as a Member of Parliament the creation of pay equity between women and men 21. Which of the following describes a change brought about by the Statute of Westminster? A. B. C. D. Britain could no longer control Canada’s foreign policy. Canada could amend its constitution without British approval. Britain could no longer appoint a Governor General for Canada. Canada could appoint Senators without the support of the Governor General. 22. Which of the following led to support for the Co-operative Commonwealth Federation? A. B. C. D. A $25 dividend was promised to all citizens. Large corporationsShow MoreRelatedEast Asia Essay792 Words   |  4 Pageslonger relies on recommendation but is merit based. The provincial exams are held every three years, with the number of people passing the final exam (Jinshi) being around 100-150 out of the original 100,000. Around this examination system there was now a rise of a new elite, the Literati. With the beginning of the CES there began a steady decline of military power in China and the emergence of the Literati. During the Mongol invasion the exams were stopped, which led to cultural development of theRead MoreChinese Civil Service Examination Essay2714 Words   |  11 PagesDynasty carried forward the system from Sui Dynasty practicing Keju System which used the subject of Jin Shi as the dominative way to select dedicates to upper level. Those who hoped to be the o fficials of the bureaucracy should compete in the Jin Shi exams, which tested their knowledge about the Five Confucian Classics. They are: Title (English) | Title (Chinese) | Brief Description | Classic of Poetry | è © ©Ã§ ¶â€œ | A collection of 305 poems divided into 160 folk songs, 105 festal songs sung at court ceremoniesRead MoreThe Evolution Of Examination System Essay1566 Words   |  7 Pagesexamination held by local county, second, Yuanshi, college exam, third, Xiangshi, provincial exam, fourth, Huishi, metropolitan exam, finally, Dianshi, presided over by the emperor himself. It was a more objective and unprejudiced than the recommendation system, since it developed â€Å"Huming†(ç ³Å Ã¥  ) and â€Å"Tenglu†(è ªÅ Ã¥ ½â€¢), which â€Å"Huming† was to seal the names and other information of the examinee while â€Å"Tenglu† was assigning someone to copy all candidates exam answers to ensure absolute fair. Besides, the curriculumRead MoreCounselling On Sunburn Becoming Repetitive? What About Frostbite?1663 Words   |  7 Pagesprofessionals are entering the work force, upon completion of an accredited degree and the internship hours, the student is then tasked with completing a written and oral examination. The written multiple choice section of the Australian internship exam focuses on domains 1, 4, 5, 6, and 7 of the National Competency Standards for Pharmacists in Australia4. These involve professional and ethical practice, review and supply prescribed medicines, prepare pharmaceutical products, deliver primary and preventativeRead MoreChinese Essay Exam for Civil Service1141 Words   |  5 PagesThe Chinese essay exams for civil service selections were known as the Imperial examinations, which were instituted by Imperial Chinese to determine who among the population would be allowed to enter the state’s bureaucracy. The Imperial Examination System in China lasted from the founding during the Sui Dynasty in 605 to its demise near the end of the Qing Dynasty in 1905. These examinations lasted approximately 1300 years (Elman, 2002). From the time of the Han Dynasty (206 BCE to 220 CE) untilRead MoreAmerica s Unlimited Assets Of A Ravenous World Market : Con Structing More Pipelines Essay1605 Words   |  7 Pagescircum-stances, it would expressly incorporate financial elements, for example Ontario. An envi-ronmental impact may be contingent upon the venture, characterized extensively to incor-porate the circuitous impacts of natural change on financial and social conditions, and additionally on the utilization of terrains by Aboriginal groups. All pipelines will have some environmental impacts. Conceivable natural impacts are incorporated toward the start of an ecological evaluation in a natural effect explanationRead MoreEssay on Unitary and Federal Goverment Systems588 Words   |  3 Pageschecks and balances and the separation of powers. Unitary systems control all local governments such as city, regional, provincial, and municipal. The president using unitary form of government â€Å"has the entire loca l governments, all military and police forces, all tax collection agencies, all fiscal agencies (banks), all health agencies, all prosecution agencies, all health and social welfare agencies, all natural resources agencies an labor while declaring war and national emergencies, use emergencyRead MoreThe As A System Of Government That Impacts The Values And Interpersonal Relationships Of Its Citizens Essay1701 Words   |  7 Pagespursuits were so crucial to the upbringing of boys that an examination, officially called the Civil Service Exams, which focused entirely on neo-Confucius text, determined the social and political rank of the participants. Popularized during the Qing Dynasty (1644-1911), this exam represented the central importance of Confucianism in imperial China. Parents would prepare their boy children for the exam as young as three. A family would devout years of resources and finance (intensive study often meant losingRead MorePersonal Narrative : Hidden Intellectuali sm, By Gerald Graff1424 Words   |  6 Pagesvice that should be banned in our society. However, these romantic critics are too dogmatic in their provincial ideology. Procrastinating is extremely beneficial to our studies in a large variety of ways. To begin, it stimulates our imagination. Moreover, it improves our working efficiency by bettering our stress management abilities. Finally, it can present profitable consequences on our social image, which is not to leave behind, since how we are publicly depicted does impact our path to successRead MoreShould University Students Be Required to Attend Classes? Essay964 Words   |  4 Pagesambiguities about that specific idea. Therefore, universities should promote regular attendance by making students realize their financial, academic and social responsibilities as university students. Enrolling in a university can be a financial burden on students. Some are able to get support from their families while others have to rely on federal and provincial loans. Taking loans from the government often has interest rates when it comes to paying them back. With this cost in mind, students should understand

Conflict Resolution Model Essay - 1217 Words

Conflict Resolution Model By: Anna Stadnikov What is a conflict resolution model? A conflict resolution model is a model that helps a person reassess who they are and what type of conflict they are dealing with. It also helps a person see how they deal with a conflict. There many types of situations that a person is put into, but it all depends on how he or she are willing to deal with the conflict. This model was created by Thomas and Kilmann and they wanted to show how people deal with conflict. By using their model people can overcome their conflict. They can collaborate with one another and make sure that they are finding the best resolution to their conflict. Understanding a conflict resolution model? The conflict resolution model†¦show more content†¦While continuing to assess the model sometimes employees tend to avoid their own needs and put others needs on a high pedestal. This type of conflict resolution is called an accommodation. In this type of conflict resolution, a person will try to give in to others needs and wants. This type of resolution would not solve a long-term issue instead it will create more problems for that employee in the future. They will always be expected to give in and when they try to speak out he or she will not be heard. It is not a healthy situation. Another conflict resolution that is not a healthy choice is aggression. In this type of resolution, a person starts caring too much about their needs and wants and ignore the others. In this type of resolution, a person will start to defend themselves and start pointing fingers at others. When they will receive feedback from others they will ignore it and or meet it with aggressiveness such as who are you to tell me what to do. Another concern would be that they would not be able to accomplish everything at their job they will see everything as a conflict. For example, if a manger decides to change the work environment that the current employee is working in he or she will immediately start defending themselves and they will take a simple situation and turn it into conflict. To create a healthy resolution for a conflict a person must meet the needs of everyone involved or meet partial needs of everyone involved. TheseShow MoreRelatedDysfunctional Conflict1008 Words   |  5 PagesEssay topic If you could just get rid of Carol Brown and Bruce Ford all the causes of any dysfunctional conflict (in the local government team) would disappear. Write an essay saying whether you agree or disagree with the above statement. (You could also partially agree and partially disagree with the above statement). Use the conflict model in your text book pages 400 – 8 to support your response to the above statement. What theory should you use? You must refer to theory in the textRead MoreConflicts Within The Workplace Are Inevitable1428 Words   |  6 PagesBUS 3021 Theme 1 Conflicts in Organisations Conflicts within the workplace are inevitable. Conflict is ever present for organisations and how these conflicts are dealt with defies the difference between how they operate. In this essay I will be considering organisational conflicts and discuss whether conflict is something organisations can resolve. I will be discussing the nature of work and how this impacts on individual’s in their everyday organisational life. Due to the current climate the governmentRead MoreEternal Sunshine Of The Spotless Mind Analysis1723 Words   |  7 PagesNOTE: I was a little bit gung-ho about this assignment and I started writing it in an essay format instead of a QA format. I reviewed the rubric more carefully a very short while before the deadline, so I’ve done my best to break it up into a QA structure. There may be some additional analysis in some answers pertaining to general threads I was trying to establish to pull all of the pieces together, and there is some interplay between different answers. 1. Briefly describe the film including theRead MoreReflective Essay1432 Words   |  6 PagesA REFLECTIVE ESSAY This is a reflective essay based on a event which took place in a hospital setting. The aim of this essay is to explore how members of the Multidisciplinary Team (MDT) worked together and communicate with each other to achieve the best patients outcome. Reflection is an everyday process and is very personal matter. Jasper (2003) suggests that reflection is one of the key ways in which we can learn from our experiences. Reflective practice can be defined as process of making senseRead MoreThis Assignment Is An Opportunity To Integrate The Models,1685 Words   |  7 PagesThis assignment is an opportunity to integrate the models, concepts and readings from the course with your own practice and personal development. There are two parts to this assignment: 1) Account for ways in which your individual reflection and dialogue with others, including your curriculum design group and the class as a whole, have helped to grow and develop as an adult educator. You should make reference to your original learning goal and discuss some of the skills you have developed throughoutRead MoreThe Gibbs Reflective Cycle Essay1647 Words   |  7 PagesMurdoch-Eaton and Sandars (2013) state that critical reflection is required to identify developmental goals and effect change, indirectly improving healthcare. This essay will use the Gibbs’ Reflective Cycle (Gibbs, 1988) to analyse my role and contributions to the completion of an Action Learning Set (ALS) group task and will reflect on my communication and professional team working skills. We were divided into ALS groups and tasked with creating a group seminar presentation on leadership, managementRead MoreEssay about Explanations of Personality Development701 Words   |  3 Pages and how we became this way are all related to our sexual drive. Differences in personalities originate in differences in childhood sexual experiences. In the Freudian psychoanalytical model, child personality development is discussed in terms of psychosexual stages. In his Three Essays on Sexuality (1915), Freud outlined five stages of manifestations of the sexual drive: Oral, Anal, Phallic, Latency, and Genital. At each stage, different areas of the childs bodyRead MoreOrganizational Success Is Increasingly Becoming Dependent On An Organization1627 Words   |  7 Pagesand Rowland, 2011). This essay critically evaluates and discusses organizational approaches to managing equality and diversity. 1.1 Purpose of essay The overall aim of this essay is to critically evaluate organizational approaches to managing equality and diversity. Snape and Redman (2001) stated that even among top and global organizations which are carry out a variety of diversity polices, implementation is more of an issue of talk than of actual practice. This essay discusses some theory aroundRead MoreI Am Writing At The Spring 2015 Semester Of Mrs. Miller s Engl 112 Dual Enrollment College1577 Words   |  7 PagesGroup. We also had access to Smarthinking, an online tutorial website that was very helpful in developing my work. I have included here the handouts that I found most helpful in organizing my essays, and the drafts and final revisions for the four projects completed this semester. As I collected the essays for my portfolio, I can clearly now appreciate how Mrs. Miller’s approach to this course really helped to focus multiple rhetorical and research skills. The first project we worked on focusedRead MoreApproaches and Theories Regarding Industrial Relations1694 Words   |  7 Pages There are many different approaches and theories regarding industrial relations today and each one of them have different perspective and approach in resolving the conflict at work place. In order to understand and be able to analyze what are the good industrial relations, there is a need first to understand how the industrial relations are actually defined and what do they refer to. As explained by Barnetson, Lesson note 1, Introduction, â€Å"it is the relations between the labour and management†

Beauty Queen Free Essays

`The Beauty Queen of Leenane’ is set in an isolated cottage situated in a small Irish town called Leenane, during the latter half of eighties. The two characters that anchor the play are the mother-daughter duo of Maureen and Mag Folan. Maureen is a forty-year old spinster who had lived all of her life with her mom, while Mag is the seventy-year old mother who is not prepared to let go of her daughter. We will write a custom essay sample on Beauty Queen or any similar topic only for you Order Now Mag is very ungrateful and unappreciative, in spite of Maureen dedicating her life to help Mag lead a somewhat normal life. Although both of them have gotten used to each other’s idiosyncrasies over the years, there still exists a power struggle of sorts between the two of them. At times, they even loathe and blame each other for their own miserable plights. The mother character is portrayed as a mean, selfish woman who believes that her daughter should feel indebted to serve her. The daughter desperately wants to find love, rather a husband who could free her from the bleak existence. Maureen somehow wants to escape from the clutches of her mother and get married like her sisters. She even believes, at times, that her mother pretends to be sick to keep her confined to the four walls of the house. On the other hand, Mag tries to make her daughter feel guilty by accusing Maureen of ignoring her. As both of them had remained isolated for many years, they were reaching a state of social and emotional void. Many aspects of the play’s storyline draw parallels to Ireland’s socio-political standpoint. Many rural areas of Ireland like the one featured in the play are economically dead zones, where misery and dullness rule the day. This tone reflects in the play as Maureen and Mag lead a dull life which seldom lightens up. They also endlessly complain about how bad their lives are due to natural calamities and atrocities committed against the Irish community. It is quite ironic that the only time they enjoy talking is when they discuss their death. The ambiance of the play is quite claustrophobic as it takes place in a confined, darkly lit environment. The gray walls of the room are analogous to the sleepy town of Leenane, which breaks the usual conception of Ireland being associated with greenery and hills. This gives the viewer an unsettling feeling and conveys a sense of helplessness that haunts the play’s main characters. The other two characters in the play are Pato and Ray Dooley who happen to be brothers. Pato is a well-mannered gentleman who is sick of working in England for low wages and plans to go to America to try his luck there. He is instantly is attracted to Maureen as he expected every little. This made Maureen to be overjoyed over the prospects of being together with Pato and getting a second chance in life. On the other hand, Ray is a brash and irresponsible young man, but nonetheless amusing. This element of the play shadows on the restless youth of rural Ireland. The youth in Ireland apparently have only two possible choices; they would have to either rot their lives in boredom. or seek greener pastures in London. Although immigrating into England was not the easiest task in the world, it was their only hope to flee from poverty. The two brothers represent the two equally helpless groups of the rural youth in Ireland. This theme is universal since it can very easily be related to almost anyone living in any rural part of the world. Mag relentlessly tries to disrupt Maureen and Pato’s chances of falling in love, fearing solitude. Pato tries to pacify the situation between Maureen and Mag by talking to them, and gains Maureen’s respect. Maureen’s initial physical relationship with Pato was a result of several factors; it was due to sexual repression caused by Ireland’s ridiculously strong moral code and she also wanted to go against her mother for once in her life. However, she eventually falls in love with Pato and longed to be with him. Maureen’s final ray of hope gets shattered as Mag’s purposely lets out certain sensitive information about their family. Mag also unscrupulously destroys a letter written by Pato which asks Maureen to come with him to America. Since Maureen does not get her hands on the letter on time, she does not get the opportunity to leave Leenane and unite with Pato. Ray inadvertently plays a role in the disaster that Mag plans to prevent Maureen and Pato from getting together. The violent unfolding of events, her medical history, Mag’s death and the grief of not being with Pato forces Maureen to go into a state of chronic depression and eventually turns into the person she dreaded most, her mother (Chang 2001). Mag was not only her daughter’s captor but also a captive of her own lifestyle and choices. Although Mag might seem like the root cause of the disaster, she was also barely a victim of the human condition. Maureen being forced to take care of her mother is a motif to Ireland’s culture where love plays second fiddle to family responsibility. Maureen could not leave her old mom alone because she grew up on Irish values that condemned people leaving their elder alone during old age. The world needs to view Mag’s character as a self-indulgent parent from Ireland’s cultural perspective. In the rural parts of Ireland, children were raised merely to be additional hands in the family workforce, contrary to the western world’s perception of children being objects for showering love and care (Cobbe 2008). Since love is not a big part of the practical Irish life wherein arranged marriages are still the norm in certain areas, it gives the Irish another reason to escape to England. Also, the violent scenes in the play are not only an indicator of the true domestic violence that has become commonplace in the day-to-day lives of Irish people, but also a signifies that the petty fights that we as citizens of the world go through in the name of war and so on (Gonser). Like love and hate in human relationships, there is a fine line separating tragedy and comedy in plays. What ‘the Beauty Queen of Leenane’ successfully does is strike a fine balance between the two elements, making it quite engaging albeit intense. Ultimately, the play is a strong cultural satire of sorts that showcases rural Ireland’s way of life to the rest of the world. One could interpret this play as ironical for relating the lack of economic wealth to the people’s lives devoid of happiness, thereby criticizing the spate of our modern soulless existence. Beyond the dark humor is a darker message signifying that the worst of human qualities can very easily come out under suitable circumstances. ‘The Beauty Queen of Leenane’ is a play that makes us look past the obvious and think about things that we usually avoid because they are too complicated and stressful. However, these kinds of plays do remind us of the true nature of human beings that lies dormant behind years of cultural training. Also, Maureen growing old and turning into her mom is a classic case of the vicious cycle of life. Reference: Chang, E. (2001, May 7). Theatre: The Beauty Queen of Leenane. Retrieved 27 June 2008, http://www. peak. sfu. ca/the-peak/2001-2/issue1/ar-leenane. html Cobbe, E. (2008, June 20). Review – The Beauty Queen of Leenane. Austin Chronicle. Retrieved 27 June 2008, http://www. austinchronicle. com/gyrobase/Issue/review? oid=oid%3A638384 Gonser, J. â€Å"Welcome to McDonaghland – About Language, Biscuits, and a Certain Taste for Aussie Soaps†. Retrieved 27 June 2008, http://www. anglo-iren. de/beautyqueen/queen_p. htm How to cite Beauty Queen, Papers

National case study

As of today, it became a commonplace practice among many political observers to refer to China, as the second most powerful country in the world, which continues to affect the world’s geopolitical and economic developments to an ever-increased extent.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on National case study – China specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In its turn, this can be explained by the fact that the economic reforms, which began to be implemented by the Chinese government in the late seventies, proved thoroughly effective. As Wei-Wei pointed out, â€Å"China’s economic reform, with all its problems, is widely perceived as successful. China’s GDP has been growing at nearly 10 per cent and foreign trade at 15.5 per cent per annum over the past two decades. The majority of China’s population has seen significant improvements in their standards of living† (1999, p. 2). In my pa per, I will explore the validity of this suggestion at length, while elaborating upon what I consider contributed the most towards ensuring China’s continual socio-economic progress, over the course of the last few decades, and upon what appears to be the scope of possible lessons that could be drawn, in this respect. The relevant empirical data, upon which I plan to rely mostly, while coming up with the intended line of argumentation, in regards to the discussed subject matter, are contained in the ‘China case study: analysis of national strategies for sustainable development’ by Simone Klawitter. In order to provide more up-to-date information, as to the specifics of the China’s ongoing socio-economic development, I will also refer to more recent academic publications. During the course of the late seventies, the Chinese Communist Party’s top officials, headed by Den Xiaoping, started to grow increasingly aware of the fact that the functioning of the country’s planned economy had to be reformed, as the realities of the late 20th century’s living were exposing Marxist economic paradigm utterly outdated. Nineteen seventy-eighth was the year that marked the initial phase of China starting to part away with the economic conventions of orthodox Marxism.Advertising Looking for essay on political culture? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The initial phase of China’s economic reforms was concerned with allowing citizens to indulge in a small-scaled commercial entrepreneurship, encouraging state-owned factories to provide workers with additional monetary incentives, as the way to increase the extent of their professional enthusiasm, and inviting foreign investors to acquire the ownership of economically stagnant Socialist enterprises. As White noted, â€Å"In 1980, 80% of enterprises were state-run. By 1992, the state’s share was less than 53%† (1993, p. 8). The deployed strategy, towards the revitalization of the country’s economy, proved utterly successful. According to Klawitter, â€Å"The result (of the undertaken reforms) has been a quadrupling of GDP since 1978. In 2003, with its 1.3 billion people†¦ China stood as the second-largest economy in the world after the US (measured on a purchasing power parity basis)† (2004, p. 2). This allows us to formulate what can be considered Lesson 1, in regards to the qualitative aspects of China’s socio-economic development, during the course of the last thirty years – the fact that the very laws of history predetermine the effectiveness of specifically free-market economy. In its turn, this can be well explained by the fact that this type of economy makes it possible for employees to take a personal interest in applying an additional effort into increasing the effectiveness of their professional performance, which is turn speeds up the generatio n of the so-called ‘surplus product’ – the actual source of citizens’ material well-being. The main characteristic of how the government went about applying the earlier mentioned economic reforms is that, as opposed to what was the strategy of implementing free-market oriented reforms in the USSR, during the course of the late eighties, Den Xiaoping’s strategy of economic reforms never ceased being observant of the Chinese society’s geopolitical, demographic and cultural uniqueness (Berger 2005). This is the reason why, despite the pro-Western essence of the undertaken economic reform, they were not accompanied with the political ones. As Pei noted, â€Å"Today, two decades after Deng started his reforms, most observers view the Deng era as a period of rapid economic reform without commensurate political – especially democratic – reform† (1998, p. 69). Apparently, Xiaoping proved himself wise enough to understand the simp le fact that, in order for the implementation of free-market oriented economic reforms to be successful, they can never be ideologically driven.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on National case study – China specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Instead, they should be concerned with establishing preconditions for the country’s economic potential to be exploited in the most efficient manner – regardless of whether this manner is being deemed ‘democratic’ or not. Hence, Lesson 2 – when it comes to designing a reform-strategy, meant to be applied in a particular country, policy-makers must refrain from allowing the conventions of a specific ideology to affect the concerned decision-making process. This, of course exposes the fallaciousness of the assumption that the notions of ‘democracy’ and ‘economic prosperity’ are synonymous. Throughout the course of t he eighties and nineties, China’s leaders concluded that their country had three dialectically predetermined economic advantages, which had to be put in the practical use: the abundance of cheap labor, the commercially advantageous geographical location, and the fact that Chinese immigrants played an important role in the functioning of the neighboring countries’ economies. This alone suggests the thoroughly pragmatic roots of what will later become known as China’s ‘economic miracle’ – if Xiaoping decided to implement economic reforms along with advancing the cause of ‘democracy’, they would be doomed to fail. The reason for this is quite apparent – the demographic fabric of the Chinese society in the early eighties made it impossible for the implementation of reforms to proceed in any other but in a thoroughly controlled (authoritarian) manner. It is important to understand that, as of 1978, 85% of China’s populat ion of 975 million accounted for rural-dwellers, which were organized in ‘agricultural communes’. Nevertheless, the effectiveness of these communes’ functioning suffered from the fact that, while taking care of their agricultural duties, peasants have not been provided with an objective rationale to do it efficiently.Advertising Looking for essay on political culture? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More At the same time, the enormous population of peasants could well ensure the successfulness of the process of China being set on the path of industrialization. This is because, throughout the course of history, peasantry has traditionally been referred to as the industrialization’s ‘fuel’. In its turn, this has led Xiaoping to conclude that the implementation of economic reforms had to begin with the effort being applied to increase the efficiency of the economy’s agricultural sector, â€Å"An important characteristic of China’s reforms†¦ was the promotion of local, small-scale industrial production in coordination with agriculture† (Yuhai 2006, p. 2206). This would result in both: ensuring the agricultural communes’ economic self-sustainability and providing the representatives of at least a half of China’s rural population with incentives to consider becoming industrial workers. As Peng noted, â€Å"Rural reform freed the peasantry from tight collective control and turned it into potential wage labor. This rural surplus labor had two possible outlets: it could either enter rural enterprises as peasant workers or peasant entrepreneurs or it could enter the city as â€Å"floating† migrants† (2007, p. 292). In this respect, the fact that throughout the course of the free-market reforms’ implementation, China remained a totalitarian state came in particularly handy. This is because this specific form of governing makes possible the most effective exploitation of human resources. After all, even today, despite the fact that the country’s Constitution declares citizens being absolutely equal, this is not the actual state of affairs, because according to the country’s bylaws, peasants are supposed to apply for a special permit, in order to be able to relocate to live in cities. Given the fact that the obtainment of this permit most commonly proves impossible, it does not c ome as a particular surprise that at least 40% of every Chinese city’s population account for ‘illegal’ peasants from the countryside. While understanding perfectly well that they are not supposed to live in cities, in the first place, these people have no option but to agree to work for a fraction of what their native-born urban counterparts are being paid. Consequently, this establishes certain prerequisites for more and more Western companies to consider relocating their production lines to China, as a country where there is a plenty of cheap laborers, who are being more than happy to work, while paid as little as $10 per day. As an ultimate consequence, during the course of recent decades, the Chinese citizens’ living standards continued being improved gradually but consistently, which can be illustrated in regards to the fact that, throughout this period, people’s average lifespan in China has increased from 55 to 70 years (Klawitter 2004). In other words, it is specifically the fact that, while instigating free-market reforms, the Chinese government never ceased being in a full control of the demographic dynamics in the country, which contributed rather substantially to these reforms’ success, reflected by the fact that through the years 1978-2008, China was able to increase its GNP by 15 times. As of 2004, the country’s foreign-exchange reserve has reached staggering $2.4 trillion (Zhu, 2007). It is needless to mention, of course, that had China been ‘democracy’, in the classical sense of this word, this could hardly prove possible. In its turn, this allows us to formulate what can be considered Lesson 3, with respect to the earlier provided line of argumentation – it is only the economic reforms that are being designed and led by the authoritarian (non-democratic) government, which have a chance of fulfilling their initial objectives. The validity of this statement cannot only be illus trated, in regards to China, but also in regards to a number of other countries, which undertook free-market oriented economic reforms, while remaining de facto undemocratic, such as Chile (under Pinochet) and France (under Charles de Gaulle). Another factor that contributed to the phenomenon of China’s economic miracle is the fact that, while remaining in a full control of implementing economic reforms, the governmental officials never ceased paying a particularly close attention to what accounts for the culturally defined specifics of Chinese people’s mentality. According to Bower, â€Å"In a variety of reasoning tasks, East Asians take a ‘holistic’ approach. They make little use of categories and formal logic and instead focus on relations among objects and the context in which they interact† (2000, p. 57). As opposed to what it happened to be the case with the majority of Westerners, the majority of Chinese citizens professes the values of a com munal living and hardworkingness, which in turn can be partially explained by the cultural legacy of Confucianism. This is the reason why Chinese people have been traditionally known for their tendency to adopt ‘networking’ lifestyles, when the principle of an interpersonal solidarity defines the way in which they tackle life’s challenges (Shaozhi 1991). Therefore, there is nothing too odd about the fact that even today; Communist ideology continues to enjoy much of a popular support among Chinese citizens. As Beech noted, â€Å"By the end of last year, 65 million Chinese were party members, and nearly half of them were under the age of 45. Recruitment has been particularly successful on university campuses† (2001, p. 1) Apparently, it is specifically their adherence to the virtue of a communal solidarity, which causes many Chinese citizens to consider themselves Communists, and not the strength of their ideological commitment to Marxist dogmas. This is ex actly the reason why the country’s government considered it fully appropriate to ‘deviate’ from the Communism’s ideological conventions, as a mean of helping citizens to get out of poverty. Unfortunately, people’s adherence to the values of a communal living also makes them prone to corruption. This is the reason why the principle of guanxi, which Yeung and Tung define as, â€Å"the establishment of a connection between two independent individuals to enable a bilateral flow of personal or social transactions† (1996, p. 55), had always characterized the essence of social dynamics in China. What it means is that had Xiaoping’s reforms been accompanied by the process of ‘democratization’, as it was the case in the USSR, during the course of the late eighties, these reforms would only result in plunging China in the chaos of a ‘primeval capitalism’, when favoritism would become the main principle of the countryâ⠂¬â„¢s political/economic life. Therefore, it was the matter of a crucial importance for Xiaoping to ensure that the enactment of economic reforms would always be thoroughly supervised, so that the corrupted governmental officials would never be able to take over the whole country, as it happened in the Gorbachev’s USSR (Shu, Zhai and Wang 2013). Even today, it represents a commonplace practice for the China’s top-ranking bureaucrats to be punished by death for committing a vast number of seemingly ‘innocent’ economic crimes. This, however, is not due to the China’s Communist government being particularly ‘bloodthirsty’ – the very specifics of implementing economic reforms in this country require officials in charge of the process to be strongly intolerable towards even the smallest outbreaks of corruption. Hence, Lesson 4 – while implementing economic reforms, those in charge of the process may never cease taking into con sideration the culturally predetermined specifics of the potentially affected citizens’ mentality. The example of China’s development, throughout the course of last thirty years, also suggests that, contrary to what many people assume, the implementation of economic reforms in a particular country can never be thought of in terms of this country’s ‘internal affair’ alone. After all, despite the assumption that this world is becoming progressively more tolerant, the major purpose of just about every country’s existence remains unaffected by the currently predominant socio-cultural discourse – the economic/geopolitical expansion, the protection of its internal stability and the impairment of the internal stability of competing countries. The earlier statement helps us to understand better the true significance of the 1989 Tiananmen Square protests, orchestrated by the agents of foreign influence, in order to prevent China from growing ev er more powerful, due to the steady deployment of free-market oriented reforms (Chou 2005). While believing that China was lagging behind the USSR on the way of ‘democratization’, protesting students demanded the disbandment of the Communist Party, the complete privatization of the economy, the abandonment of the Socialist form of governing, and the country’s federalization. Had these protesters succeeded in 1989, China would have followed the footsteps of the Soviet Union, which was destroyed from within by supposedly ‘internal’ forces. Therefore, it is quite impossible to disagree with how Chinese official newspapers of the time used to reflect upon the actual significance of the 1989 protests, â€Å"If we are tolerant or conniving with this turmoil and let it go unchecked†¦ Then the improvement of the economic environment and the rectification of the economic order, construction, and development; the control over prices; the improvement of o ur living standards†¦ will all become empty hopes† (Ogden 1992, p. 117). This points out to what can be considered Lesson 5, in respect to the discussed subject matter – the governmental officials, in charge of designing and implementing the strategy of economic reforms, must be decisive enough to remain thoroughly committed to their reform-related agenda, regardless of what may account for the associated human costs. In light of what has been said earlier, it will not be much of an exaggeration to suggest that the foremost key to China’s ‘economic miracle’ was the country leaders’ genuine willingness to improve the living standards of the ordinary Chinese and to ensure that China continues to remain a factually independent country. This is the reason why, as opposed to what it was the case with the Soviet Union throughout the course of the late eighties, Western advisors were not allowed to play any active role, within the context of Chi na remaining on the path of modernization (Davenport Armstrong 2004). This continues to be the situation even today. For example, even though that China had formally expressed many concerns about Iran developing its nuclear facilities, it (along with Russia) carries on supporting this country financially and militarily. After all, 65% of the Iranian oil is being exported to China. Apparently, China’s leaders are thoroughly capable of prioritizing the interests of their country above the interests of the U.N. bureaucracy – the main precondition for China’s continual socio-economic and technological advancement. Hence, Lesson 5 – it is only the de facto independent countries, where the implementation of free-market oriented reforms may prove beneficiary in the end. The same cannot be said about the countries that, despite their formally independent status, are in fact the West’s geopolitical puppets. The earlier provided line of argumentation, as to what contributed to the sheer successfulness of China’s economic reforms, throughout the course of the last three decades, implies that contrary to what neo-liberal economists want people to believe, there are no dialectical links between the notions of ‘democracy’ and ‘economic prosperity. This especially appears to be the case when culturally rich non-Western nations, such as China, are being concerned. Apparently, there can be no ‘progressive’ and ‘wicked’ forms of a political governing but only the effective and ineffective ones. As it was illustrated earlier, the initial reason why during the course of recent decades China has attained the status of the world’s major manufacturer of industrial goods was thoroughly objective. After all, even today this country’s main economic asset continues to be an abundance of cheap laborers. Nowadays, however, this asset is not being merely discussed in terms of quantity but also in terms of quality. The reason for this is quite apparent – China (along with Japan and Korea) features the world’s highest rate of IQ among citizens (Lynn Vanhanen, 2002). What it means is that there is indeed a good rationale in expecting China to continue becoming ever richer and stronger. After all, the realities of a post-industrial living point out to the fact that people’s intellect can be well referred to, as such that represent a thoroughly objective economic value. It matters very little whether intellectually advanced people profess the virtue of democracy or not – for as long as their endowment with high intellectual powers allows them to generate a ‘surplus product’, they will be in a position to enjoy a high-quality living. I believe that this conclusion is fully consistent with the paper’s initial thesis. References Beech, H 2001, Made in China: Communism rules, http://content.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171 ,129383,00.html Berger, Y 2005, ‘Deng Xiaoping and economic reform in China’, Far Eastern Affairs, vol. 33. no.1, pp. 47-56. Bower, B 2000, ‘Cultures of reason’, Science News, vol. 157. no. 4, pp. 56-58. Chou, H 2005, ‘Zhao Ziyang: a CIA agent?’, Chinascope, vol. 5, pp. 36-38. Davenport, C and Armstrong, D 2004, Democracy and the violation of human rights’, American Journal of Political Science, vol. 48. No. 3, pp. 538–554. Klawitter, S 2004, China case study: analysis of national strategies for sustainable development, https://www.iisd.org/pdf/2004/measure_sdsip_china.pdf. Lynn, R and Vanhanen, T 2002, IQ and the wealth of nations. Greenwood Publishing Group, Westport. Ogden, S 1992, China’s search for democracy: the student and mass movement of 1989, M.E. Sharpe, New York. Pei, M 1998, ‘Is China democratizing?’, Foreign Affairs, vol. 77. no. 1, pp. 68-82. Peng, Y 2007, ‘What has spilled over from Chines e cities into rural industry?’, Modern China, vol. 33. no. 3, pp. 287-319. Shaozhi, S 1991, Rethinking Socialism in the light of China’s reforms. China Information, vol. 6. no.1, pp. 10-21. Shu, Y, Zhai, Q and Wang, R 2013, ‘The great open-minded thinking by Deng Xiaoping and its contemporary significance’, Asian Social Science, vol. 9. no. 3, pp. 202-207. Wei-Wei, Z 1999, Transforming China. Palgrave Macmillan, New York. White, C 1993, ‘Open market – closed politics’, Canada the World, vol. 58. no. 9, pp. 8-9. Yeung, I and Tung, R 1996, ‘Achieving business success in Confucian societies: the importance of guanxi (connections)’, Organizational Dynamics, vol. 5. No. 1, pp. 54-65. Yuhai, H 2006, ‘Assessing China’s reforms’, Economic and Political Weekly, vol. 41. no. 22, pp. 2206-2212. Zhu, Z 2007, Reform without a theory: why does it work in China?’, Organization Studies, vol. 28. No. 10, pp. 1503 -1522. This essay on National case study – China was written and submitted by user Cali Howell to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Reading Tips to Improve Pronunciation for ESL Students

Reading Tips to Improve Pronunciation for ESL Students If youre working on pronunciation, these tips can help you use reading as a way to practice outside of class, either by yourself or with a couple of friends. Top Tips Choose a paragraph and read aloud.Choose a paragraph and mark each sentence with a sound script (helpful pronunciation markup). This will help you read more naturally, and thus pronounce correctly.Choose a few sentences from your reading material and highlight content words. Read these sentences focusing on accenting these content words while quickly speaking over the structure words.Once you become comfortable reading a single paragraph aloud, read an entire page by reading a paragraph aloud and then reading one silently.Choose some nursery rhymes to practice. They will help you with pronunciation through rhythm.Read a short story or a few paragraphs to a friend who is also studying English. Compare the differences and discuss what might be the reasons for the differences.Choose a paragraph, short article, or newspaper story with new vocabulary. Use the Babylon dictionary or another online pronunciation resource to help you learn the correct pronunciation of these words.Read a play with some friends. Each friend takes a different part. Start with short scenes. Once you are comfortable, read longer pieces together.

USS Hancock (CV-19) in World War II

USS Hancock (CV-19) in World War II USS Hancock (CV-19) - Overview: Nation: United States Type: Aircraft Carrier Shipyard: Fore River Shipyard Laid Down: January 26, 1943 Launched: January 24, 1944 Commissioned: April 15, 1944 Fate: Sold for scrap, September 1, 1976 USS Hancock (CV-19) - Specifications Displacement: 27,100 tons Length: 888 ft. Beam: 93 ft. Draft: 28 ft., 7 in. Propulsion: 8 Ãâ€" boilers, 4 Ãâ€" Westinghouse geared steam turbines, 4 Ãâ€" shafts Speed: 33 knots Complement: 3,448 men USS Hancock (CV-19) - Armament 4 Ãâ€" twin 5 inch 38 caliber guns4 Ãâ€" single 5 inch 38 caliber guns8 Ãâ€" quadruple 40 mm 56 caliber guns46 Ãâ€" single 20 mm 78 caliber guns Aircraft 90-100 aircraft USS Hancock - Design Construction: Designed in the 1920s and early 1930s, the US Navys Lexington- and Yorktown-class aircraft carriers were planned to meet to the restrictions set forth by the Washington Naval Treaty. This agreement placed limitations on the tonnage of various types of warships as well as capped each signatorys total tonnage. These types of restrictions were reaffirmed in the 1930 London Naval Treaty. As global tensions rose, Japan and Italy departed the treaty structure in 1936. With the collapse of the system, the US Navy began developing a new, larger type of aircraft carrier and one which drew from experience gleaned from the Yorktown-class. The resulting type was longer and wider as well as possessed a deck-edge elevator. This had been employed earlier on USS Wasp (CV-7). In addition to carrying a greater number of aircraft, the new design mounted an enlarged anti-aircraft armament. Designated the Essex-class, the lead ship, USS Essex (CV-9), was laid down in April 1941. This was followed by several additional vessels including USS Ticonderoga (CV-19) which was laid down at Bethlehem Steel in Quincy, MA on January 26, 1943.   On May 1, the name of the carrier was changed to Hancock following a successful war bond drive conducted by John Hancock Insurance.   As a result, the name Ticonderoga was transferred to CV-14 then under construction at Newport News, VA.   Construction progressed over the next year and on January 24, 1944, Hancock slid down the ways with Juanita Gabriel-Ramsey, wife of Chief of the Bureau of Aeronautics Rear Admiral DeWitt Ramsey, serving as sponsor.   With World War II raging, workers pushed to complete the carrier and it entered commission on April 15, 1944, with Captain Fred C. Dickey in command. USS Hancock - World War II: Completing trials and shake-down operations in the Caribbean later that spring, Hancock departed for service in the Pacific on July 31.   Passing through Pearl Harbor, the carrier joined Admiral William Bull Halseys 3rd Fleet at Ulithi on October 5.   Assigned to Vice Admiral Marc A. Mitschers Task Force 38 (Fast Carrier Task Force), Hancock took part in raids against the Ryukyus, Formosa, and the Philippines.   Successful in these efforts, the carrier, sailing as part of Vice Admiral John McCains Task Group 38.1, retired towards Ulithi on October 19 as General Douglas MacArthurs forces were landing on Leyte.   Four days later, as the Battle of Leyte Gulf was commencing, McCains carriers were recalled by Halsey.   Returning to the area, Hancock and its consorts launched attacks against the Japanese as they departed the area via the San Bernardino Strait on October 25. Remaining in the Philippines, Hancock struck targets around the archipelago and became flagship of the Fast Carrier Task Force on November 17.   After replenishing at Ulithi in late November, the carrier returned to operations in the Philippines and in December rode out Typhoon Cobra.   The following month, Hancock attacked targets on Luzon before raiding through the South China Sea with strikes against Formosa and Indochina.   On January 21, tragedy struck when an aircraft exploded near the carriers island killing 50 and injuring 75.   Despite this incident, operations were not curtailed and attacks were launched against Okinawa the next day. In February, the Fast Carrier Task Force launched strikes on the Japanese home islands before turning south to support the invasion of Iwo Jima.   Taking station off the island, Hancocks air group provided tactical support to troops ashore until February 22.   Returning north, American carriers continued their raids on Honshu and Kyushu.   During these operations, Hancock repelled a kamikaze attack on March 20.   Steaming south later in the month, it provided cover and support for the invasion of Okinawa.   While executing this mission on April 7, Hancock sustained a kamikaze hit that caused a large explosion and killed 62 and wounded 71.   Though remaining in action, it received orders to depart for Pearl Harbor two days later for repairs.    Resuming combat operations on June 13, Hancock attacked Wake Island before rejoining American carriers for raids on Japan.   Hancock continued these operations until notification of the Japanese surrender on August 15.   On September 2, the carriers planes flew over Tokyo Bay as the Japanese formally surrendered aboard USS Missouri (BB-63).   Departing Japanese waters on September 30, Hancock embarked passengers at Okinawa before sailing for San Pedro, CA.   Arriving in late October, the carrier was fitted out for use in Operation Magic Carpet.   Over the next six months, Hancock saw duty returning American servicemen and equipment from overseas.   Ordered to Seattle, Hancock arrived there on April 29, 1946 and prepared to move into the reserve fleet at Bremerton. USS Hancock (CV-19) - Modernization: On December 15, 1951, Hancock departed the reserve fleet to undergo a SCB-27C modernization.   This saw the installation of steam catapults and other equipment to allow it to operate the US Navys newest jet aircraft.   Recommissioned February 15, 1954, Hancock operated off the West Coast and tested a variety of new jet and missile technologies.   In March 1956, it entered the yard in San Diego for a SCB-125 upgrade.   This saw the addition of an angled flight deck, enclosed hurricane bow, optical landing system, and other technological enhancements.   Rejoining the fleet that November, Hancock deployed for the first of several Far East assignments in April 1957.   The following year, it formed part of an American force sent to protect Quemoy and Matsu when the islands were threatened by the Communist Chinese.   A stalwart of the 7th Fleet, Hancock took part in the Communication Moon Relay project in February 1960 which saw US Navy engineers experiment with reflecting ultra high frequency waves off the Moon.   Overhauled in March 1961, Hancock returned to the South China Sea the following year as tensions mounted in Southeast Asia.   After further cruises in the Far East, the carrier entered Hunters Point Naval Shipyard in January 1964 for a major overhaul.   Completed a few months later, Hancock briefly operated along the West Coast before sailing for the Far East on October 21.   Reaching Japan in November, it then assumed a position at Yankee Station off the Vietnamese coast where it largely remained until early spring 1965. USS Hancock (CV-19) - Vietnam War: With the US escalation of the Vietnam War, Hancock returned to Yankee Station that December and commenced launching strikes against North Vietnamese targets.   With the exception of brief respites in nearby ports, it remained on station into July.   The carriers efforts during this period earned it the Navy Unit Commendation.   Returning to Alameda, CA in August, Hancock stayed in home waters through fall before departing for Vietnam in early 1967.   On station until July, it again returned to the West Coast where it remained for much of the next year.   After this pause in combat operations, Hancock resumed attacks over Vietnam in July 1968.   Subsequent assignments to Vietnam occurred in 1969/70, 1970/71, and 1972.   During the 1972 deployment, Hancocks aircraft helped slow the North Vietnamese Easter Offensive.   With the US departure from the conflict, Hancock resumed peacetime activities.   In March 1975, with the fall of Saigon looming, the carriers air group was offloaded at Pearl Harbor and replaced by Marine Heavy Lift Helicopter Squadron HMH-463.   Sent back to Vietnamese waters, it served as a platform for the evacuation of Phnom Penh and Saigon in April.   Completing these duties, the carrier returned home.   An aging ship, Hancock was decommissioned on January 30, 1976.   Stricken from the Navy List, it was sold for scrap on September 1.   Selected Sources DANFS: USS Hancock (CV-19)USS Hancock AssociationNavSource: USS Hancock (CV-19)

Comparison between traditional and online casses Essay

Comparison between traditional and online casses - Essay Example Online classes are gaining prominence in the contemporary world, where there is more favor towards them than traditional classes.In these two types of rather forms of classes,there are certain differences and similarities that set them apart and bring them together respectively,and as a result,there is a need to look into these aspects of the two types of classes. There are a number of distinct similarities and differences between traditional and online lessons, where online lessons provide flexibility, which is only one of the largest advantages of learning or taking lessons online. In online lessons, the flexibility that students have is that it allows them to attend classes at their own convenience, when they have the time, and when they can concentrate without any distractions. In addition to this, there is the flexibility of taking online lessons at one own time when the student is travelling or taking art in other activities simultaneously. This is unlike traditional lessons or classes, where students have fixed schedules to attend classes at the prescribed time rather than attending lessons at their own convenience. However, there is a similarity in this case between the two in that the convenience of flexibility is almost similar in that most schools allow lessons to miss traditional classes when it is not entirely convenient to attend them. This is in cases of severe illness or other emergencies, which makes both traditional and online classes conveniences. ... In these cases, online learning becomes distinct from traditional learning, as learners have to wait for some time to receive feedback, especially in cases where they use email for communication. Students are unable to get direct instruction and immediate feedback, which at times affects performance due to clarity of instruction. On the other hand, traditional learning in the classroom allows students to have immediate feedback from their instructors, which increases motivation for the learners and even simplifies difficult concepts in technical courses and units such as statistics (Stevens and Switzer 97). This is in addition to difficulty in expressing ideas and contributing positively in the learning experience in online lessons because traditional lessons go contrary to this by allowing immediate contribution when called upon by the instructor. Interaction Traditional classroom interaction offers a rich social experience for learners, where they get to interact with one another b eyond conventional academic means, as found in the case of online lessons. In traditional classroom lessons, learners can meet their classmates and exchange ideas on their academic performance and other social aspects bringing them together as a social unit. Although online learning has an interaction platform in the form of chat rooms, through which students post discussion topics and exchange ideas, but they are unable to go beyond these and into the social realm of interpersonal relationships. This serves as both a similarity and a difference between traditional lessons and online lessons where learners can interact, but only through different